{"id":10495,"date":"2017-04-20T06:00:27","date_gmt":"2017-04-20T05:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.guiding-architects.net\/?p=10495\/"},"modified":"2020-06-16T14:52:45","modified_gmt":"2020-06-16T13:52:45","slug":"moscou-une-metropole-dynamique-du-21eme-siecle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/old.guiding-architects.net\/fr\/moscou-une-metropole-dynamique-du-21eme-siecle\/","title":{"rendered":"Moscou : une m\u00e9tropole dynamique du 21\u00e8me Si\u00e8cle"},"content":{"rendered":"

Moscou est la capitale de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie et l’une des villes les plus fascinantes au monde. C’est une m\u00e9tropole dynamique du XXIe si\u00e8cle. Avec plus de 12 millions d’habitants, Moscou est desservie par quatre a\u00e9roports internationaux et le deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9seau souterrain le plus fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 au monde (avec 8 millions de passagers par jour). La ville abrite \u00e9galement trois sites du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO.<\/p>\n

\"Moscow

Moscow buildings of different ages in a nocturnal perspective. Copyright: Peter Knoch.<\/p><\/div>\n

Moscou gratte-ciel<\/h5>\n

\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1990, le d\u00e9veloppement urbain de Moscou a connu une croissance assez dynamique et vigoureuse. Les services de la Mairie pousse les promoteurs \u00e0 remodeler l’horizon du 21e si\u00e8cle \u00e0 Moscou, rivalisant avec le quartier financier de Londres ou le centre-ville de Manhattan. Actuellement, les trois b\u00e2timents les plus hauts d’Europe sont situ\u00e9s \u00e0 Moscou: le premier est la tour de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration<\/em>, \u00e0 375 m\u00e8tres; Le second est la tour OKO<\/em>, qui culmine \u00e0 355m et enfin la troisi\u00e8me est la tour de la ville de Mercury<\/em>, avec une hauteur de 339m. En quatri\u00e8me place vient The Shard <\/em>, \u00e0 Londres, mais de nouveau suivi de pr\u00e8s par la tour Eurasia<\/em> \u00e0 Moscou. L’ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, la spirale de la Tour Evolution<\/em>, moins grande mais embl\u00e9matique de 55 \u00e9tages a \u00e9t\u00e9 achev\u00e9e. Pour l\u00b4Europe, l’\u00e9chelle de ces b\u00e2timents \u00e9rig\u00e9s peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme assez impressionnante. Mais pour \u00eatre honn\u00eate, en termes quantitatifs, Moscou ne peut toujours pas rivaliser avec la Chine, la Cor\u00e9e du Sud, le Japon ou l’Inde, avec leur croissance et le d\u00e9veloppement de nombreuses tours, qui composent m\u00eame des villes enti\u00e8res de gratte-ciel. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Evolution

Evolution Tower, with its spiral of 55 floors. Copyright: Peter Knoch.<\/p><\/div>\n

Deuxi\u00e8me ligne circulaire<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Apr\u00e8s seulement cinq ann\u00e9es de construction, Moscou a r\u00e9cemment mis en service sa deuxi\u00e8me ligne de m\u00e9tro p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique (MCR). MCR est un cercle de 54 kilom\u00e8tres de 31 stations, int\u00e9gr\u00e9 au m\u00e9tro de ville et au syst\u00e8me de train de banlieue. Il est destin\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la pression sur le syst\u00e8me de m\u00e9tro de Moscou.<\/p>\n

\"Moscow\u2019s

Moscow\u2019s metro map. Copyright: All rights reserved.<\/p><\/div>\n

Espace Urbain<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Les espaces urbains sont devenus des marqueurs importants des identit\u00e9s de la m\u00e9tropole du XXIe si\u00e8cle. Les changements r\u00e9cents dans l’infrastructure de la ville ainsi que les nouvelles attitudes \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard de la planification des espaces publics ont transform\u00e9 Moscou en une destination pour les architectes et les urbanistes du monde entier. Parmi les nouvelles orientations de Moscou dans la politique d’urbanisme figurent de nouvelles zones pi\u00e9tonnes, le d\u00e9veloppement d’un \u201ccode de conception\u201d pour les rues et les places et de nouveaux parcs aux caract\u00e9ristiques modernes.<\/p>\n

\"Stanislavsk\u2019s

Stanislavsk\u2019s factory courtyard. Copyright: Peter Knoch.<\/p><\/div>\n

L’ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, la ville a acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9 la r\u00e9novation des rues du centre-ville de Moscou, en les transformant en zones de loisirs et de marche. La principale lacune des nouvelles zones pi\u00e9tonnes de Moscou est actuellement le manque d’arbres – la terre sous les trottoirs n’est pas vraiment de la terre, mais un r\u00e9seau de tuyaux et de c\u00e2bles qui s’\u00e9talent depuis la p\u00e9riode sovi\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n

Ainsi, Moscou est en train de changer. Et la direction est la bonne.<\/p>\n

\"\"

One of Moscow’s pavements. Copyright: Irina Kniazeva<\/p><\/div>\n

Texte de: Peter Knoch, de Mplus, membre de Guiding Architects \u00e0 Moscou<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Premi\u00e8re image : <\/strong>\u201cMoscow City with some of its most iconic high-rise buildings. Copyright: Peter Knoch<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

 <\/strong>http:\/\/news.metro.ru\/sc_lat.html<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Moscow<\/a><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moscow_Metro<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Moscou est la capitale de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie et l’une des villes les plus fascinantes au monde. C’est une m\u00e9tropole dynamique du XXIe si\u00e8cle. Avec plus de 12 millions …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10462,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[127],"tags":[803,802,799,789,788],"class_list":["post-10495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","tag-architecture-sovietique","tag-gratte-ciel","tag-metro","tag-moscou","tag-russie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMoscou : une m\u00e9tropole dynamique du 21\u00e8me Si\u00e8cle - Guiding Architects<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u00e9langeant l'architecture sovi\u00e9tique avec quelques des plus hauts b\u00e2timents d'aujourd'hui en Europe, Moscou est une incontournable m\u00e9tropole mondiale.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/old.guiding-architects.net\/fr\/moscou-une-metropole-dynamique-du-21eme-siecle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Moscou : une m\u00e9tropole dynamique du 21\u00e8me Si\u00e8cle - 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